The color of the skin is determined by a pigment known as melanin. In simple terms, the more the melanin present in your skin, the darker it will appear. However, there are degrees to which your skin color can be changed. The appearance of dark spots on the face can be caused by a number of factors. Generally speaking, when melanin is not evenly distributed, you may have darker patches of skin.
Over exposure to the sun may be one of the causes for this. It is normally advisable to wear a sun screen lotion when you expect to be exposed to direct sunlight for a long period of time. Dark spots on the skin do not usually indicate a serious problem and it is probably a purely cosmetic phenomenon. If the dark spots are itching as well, you should visit your dermatologist and get the condition diagnosed.
You can otherwise use some simple home remedies for skin blemishes. These remedies will lighten the darker area of your skin so that it blends more seamlessly with the rest of your skin.
The first remedy to try is by using an almond based paste. Soak some almonds in water and keep this overnight. In the morning, peel the outer layer off the almonds and grind the remaining part into a paste. Add some honey to this paste. Apply this to your face and leave it there until it dries. When it dries, scrub it off. Do this regularly and you would notice considerable change over a period of a few days.
You can also try lemon juice which is a natural bleaching agent. You can apply it on the skin or mix it with turmeric powder and apply it to the skin. You can also dilute this mixture with a few drops of water. Remember to be careful when using this mixture as it will cause extreme irritation if you accidentally let some of it enter your eyes.
When not using a remedy, wash your face regularly and keep it clean. Also drink plenty of water.