Ringworm refers to a fungal infection that affects the skin’s surface. It is caused by dermatophytes which are skin fungi that thrive on the topmost layer of the skin. These microorganisms cannot survive in the mucus membranes and the deeper layers of the skin, and hence remain on the surface of the skin, causing infection. Ringworm is more common in areas where the climate is humid and warm. Direct contact with individuals who have been infected can also cause transmission of the infection. A weakened immune system is also likely to increase the vulnerability to this condition. As such those with medical conditions such as AIDS, diabetes and leukemia are more at risk for developing ringworm.
Transmission of the infection occurs due to direct contact. When the affected areas are scratched, there is most likely to be contamination of the fingers and hands, which can then be transmitted to other individuals. The scalp may also get affected by ringworm, in which case sharing of hair combs and brushes can result in transmission of the infection. Ringworm is a very contagious infection and treatment must be sought immediately to prevent its spread from one individual to another. The affected areas usually undergo a darker or lighter discoloration. The infection occurs as a ring-shaped patch on the skin. On the scalp patches of baldness may occur on the affected areas. Itching, redness and scaling are also common. The ring-shaped patch may also appear slightly raised. Ringworm occurring in the nails causes them to become discolored and thick and crumbling of the nail may also occur.
Ringworm may be treated naturally by rubbing the affected area with papaya. You can also make a paste out of water and dry seeds or papaya. Mustard seeds are also known to be effective in alleviating ringworm. After washing the area with warm water, apply a paste of mustard seeds and water. Allow it to dry and then wash it off with lukewarm water. Holy basil juice helps to ease the symptoms of ringworm and may be applied to the affected areas. Turmeric has anti-fungal properties and one can even apply a paste of turmeric powder and honey to the infected patches. Prevention of ringworm involves maintaining proper hygiene. After taking a bath, it is important to allow the skin to dry completely before wearing clothes. Avoid sharing of personal items such as towels, bed sheets and clothing. After contact sports, shower or bathe thoroughly.